Conus sinensis
(Sowerby,
1841)
Conus sinensis kueneni (Koperberg, 1931)†
Conus sinensis koperbergae (Rutsch, 1932)†
Die Schale ist spindelformig, doppelt-kegelig durch das sehr lange Gewinde,
welches fast die Halfte der ganzen Schalenlange
einnimmt. Das Gewinde besteght aus zwolf Umgangen, welche vorne, ganz nahe der Sutur, geknickt
sind. Der so entstaudene Spiralwinkel ist auf den altesten Umgangen mit zieclichen Knotchen besetzt, wird abher bald
ganz scharfkantig und bringt ein deutlich treppenartiges Profil hervor. Hinter
der Kante sind die Windungen schwach ausge-hohlt, und
ihre ganze Oberflache ist mit dicht stehenden Spiralfurchen bedeckt. - Die
Schluss-windung ist nahe der Stirn etwas zusammengeschnurt
und ganz von breiten, flachen Spiralleisten uberzogen,
welche durch tiefe und breite Furchen geschieden werden. Die mechte Lippe ist an der Naht tief ausgeschnitten, und dem
entsprechend tragt das Gewinde stark gekrummte
Zuwachs-streifen, welche sich auf die Schlusswindung
fortsetzen und zwischen den breiten Spiralleisten sehr deutlich hervortreten,
so dass hier eine gegitrerte Skulptur entsteht,
welche je nach der Breite der Spiralfurchen bald mehr bald minder augenfallig wird. Braune, rhuombische,
zerstreut stehende Farbenfecke sind deutlich uberliefert (1).
Die Fossilien stimmen fast genau mit derjenigen Species uberein, welcke Reeve C. sinensis nannte, und zu der hochst wahrscheinlich auch C. arcuatus brod. Sow. (Reev l. c. spec. 77) hin-zugezogen werden muss; nur ist ihr Gewinde im Verhaltniss zur Schlnsswindung noch etwas hoher und fallen dessen Seitenflachen im Profile gerade ab, statt concav geschweift zu sein. Einen Grund zur Abtrennung vermag ich hierin aber nicht zu sehen (1).
Die Unterscheidung von dem ausserst nah verwandten C. acutangulus chemn. (Kiener, Iconogr. pag. 155, tab. 72, fig. 1 — non Reeve) ist bei alteren Individuen durch die deutliche Kronung des letzteren nicht schwer, bei jungeren dagegen ganz ungemein schwierig und hier nur mit Hilfe eines grossen Vergleichsmateriales auszufuhren (1).
Eine erneute Prufung hat mich zu der Ueberzeugung
gefuhrt, dass zwei von Ngembak
herkunftige Kegel, die fruher
als C. acutangulus beschrieben sird (Sammlg. III, pag. 48) ebenfalls zu C. sinensis
gebracht werden miussen, und dass C. aculangulus in sicher bestammbaren
Individuen uberhaupt nur aus der Kluft des Tji Lanang, dem Fundorte 0 Junghuhnis, bekannt ist (Tertiaersch.
pag. 11 und Sammlg. Ill, pag. 19) (1).
Die Zahl der Individuen von C. sinensis in der Verbeek'schen Sammlung ist 11, ihr Fundort Sonde, im Distrikte Gendingan (1).
The shell is
fusiform, double-conical due to the very long thread, which takes up almost
half of the entire length of the shell. The thread consists of twelve turns,
which are bent at the front, very close to the suture. The spiral angle removed
in this way is covered with pretty knots on the oldest edges, but soon becomes
very sharp-edged and produces a clearly step-like profile. Behind the edge, the
whorls are slightly hollowed out, and their entire surface is covered with
dense spiral furrows. - The final coil is somewhat corded together near the
forehead and is completely covered by broad, flat spiral ridges, which are
separated by deep and wide furrows. The real lip is deeply cut out at the seam,
and accordingly the thread has strongly curved growth strips, which continue
onto the final turn and stand out very clearly between the wide spiral strips,
so that a gridded sculpture is created here, which depends on the width the
spiral furrows soon become more or less obvious. Brown, rhuombic,
scattered color patches are clearly preserved (1).
The fossils
agree almost exactly with the species that Reeve called C. sinensis, and most likely also C. arcuatus BROD. Sow. (Reev l.
c. spec. 77) must be consulted; it's just that their thread is a little higher
in relation to the final winding and its side surfaces slope straight in the
profile instead of being curved concavely. However, I cannot see any reason for
separation in this (1).
The
distinction from the extremely closely related C. acutangulus
CHEMN. (Kiener, Iconogr. pag. 155, tab. 72, fig. 1 - non Reeve) is not difficult for
older individuals due to the clear crowning of the latter, but is extremely
difficult for younger individuals and can only be carried out here with the
help of a large amount of comparative material (1).
A renewed
examination has led me to the conviction that two cones from Ngembak, previously described as C. acutangulus
(collection III, pag. 48), must also be referred to C.
sinensis, and that C. aculangulus
in certain ancestral individuals are only known from the Tji
Lanang gap, where 0 young chickens were found (Tertiaersch. pag. 11 and Coll.
Ill, pag. 19) (1).
The number
of individuals of C. sinensis in Verbeek's
collection is 11, their locality Sonde, in the
district of Gendingan (1).
Remarks (2).—The specimens in hand are imperfectly preserved but characteristic enough to serve for taxonomical comparison. GK-L 6906 and 6907 conform with the figure 77a of reeve (1843, pl. 15). They show quite similar pattern of the development of the spiral grooves on the shoulder to that of Javan fossil specimens. martin's specimens illustrate the undulate periphery after granulate stage until the adolescent stage, although the stage when the peripheral undulation disappears is rather variable among the specimens. While on the present specimens the whorls are apparently devoid of the peripheral undulation of the preserved second or third (=original fifth or sixth) whorl. But this is simply caused by the heavy abrasion of the shell material at the periphery on the present specimens. The preserved first whorl of GK-L 6907 clearly shows the remnant of the fine and close granules. The specimens are safely identified to C. sinensis.
They are
also similar to C. acutangulus (CHEMNITZ), but
are readily distinguished from the latter in having higher spire, longer
base, and less sharp spiral grooves on the shoulder. Furthermore the present
specimens have the weak but distinct contraction at the base, while the basal
slope of C. acutangulus is broadly rounded and
convex throughout.
Geological
occurrence.—Pliocene (Indonesia).
Recent distribution.—South
China Sea.
Horizons.—Santa
Barbara Silt and the upper part of the Dingle Formation.
Localities
* Conus Sowerbii, Reeve (Conus sinensis Sowerby) ? (3) = Conus praecellens (Adams, 1854)
* junior homonym of Conus sinensis Gmelin, 1791
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NHMUK:ecatalogue 3508657 mm. 35 x 15 |
Conus sinensis (1) |
Conus sinensis (2) Pl. 22 fig. 6 (GK-L 6907)
mm. 17,5 x 9,6 figg. 8 – 9
(GK-L 6906) mm.
27,7 x 14,6 |
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Conus sinensis mm. 32,10 Late Pliocene "Jampang Regency". Southwest of Nyalindung.
West Java INDONESIA |
Bibliografia